Lesson PHP

emeronTI1³ karENnaMGMBI PHP

PHP KWCa Power Tool EdlRtUv)aneKeRbIR)as;sMrab;begáIt Web Dynamic Content. vaCa Technology mYyEdlRtUv)aneKeRbIR)as;ya:gTUlMTUlay, Free (Opening Source) nigman\T§iBlya:gxøaMgxøaenAkñúg karRbkYtRbECgCamYy Technology d¾éTeTotrbs; Microsoft’s ASP.

1> etI PHP CaGVI? (What is PHP?)

- PHP CaTMrg;xøIrbs; PHP: Hypertext Preprocessor

- PHP Ca Server-side Scripting Language

- PHP eFVIkar Execute Script rbs;xøÜnenAelI Server

- PHP Ca Front-End (User Interface) EdlGaceRbIR)as;CamYy Back-End (Database) mYycMnYndUcCa MySQL, Informix, Oracle, Sybase, Solid, PostgreSQL, Generic ODBC, etc

- PHP: eyIgGaceFVIkarEkERb PHP Configuration (Coding)

- PHP KW Free ehIyeyIgGac Download BI Internet mkeRbIR)as;)an

2> ehtuGVIeRbIR)as; PHP? (Why PHP?)

- PHP eyIgGaceRbIR)as;vaenAelI RbePT Operating System epSg²KñadUcCa (Windows, Linux, Unix,…)

- PHP GaceRbIR)as;)aneRcInRbePT én Web Server dUcCa Apache, IIS,…

- PHP eyIgGac Download mkeRbIR)as;eday\tKitéfø

- PHP gayRsYlkñúgkarsikSa

3> dUcemþcehAfa PHP File? (What is PHP file?)

- enAkñúg File rbs; PHP man Text, HTML Tag nig Script

- PHP File RtUv)anbMElgenAelI Browser Ca HTML Code

- PHP File man extension dUcCa .php, .php3 nig .phtml

3> karbegáIt PHP File

eKeRbIR)as;kmµviFImYycMnYn dUcCa Text Editer, PSPad, Microsoft Macromedia Dreamwaver, Notepad,…begáIt PHP File kñúgTMrg;Ca Text ehIyrkSaTukkñúgTMrg; Extension Ca .php, .php3 nig .phtml.

emeronTI2³ RbePTénTinñn½y nigGBaØat

1> rebobkñúgkarsresr PHP Statement and run PHP file

PHP RtUv)aneKsresrcenøaHbiTCitmYy Edlman 2 TMrg;dUcxageRkam³

- TMrg;Evg Edlcab;epþImeday <?php niigbBa©b;eday ?>

Syntax:

<?php

PHP Statements (Coding)

Example:

<?php

echo “Welcome to UBB”;

- TMrg;xøIEdlcab;epþImeday <? nigbBa©b;eday ?>

Syntax:

PHP Statements (Coding)

Example:

echo “Welcome to UBB”;

2> PHP Comments

PHP Comments KWCa PHP Statements EdleRbIsMrab; Block code NamYymin[ Execute. PHP Comments man 2 TMrg;dUcxageRkam³

- // KWeRbIsMrab; Block Code EtmYybnÞat; (Single-line Comment)

- /* (coding) */ KWeRbIsMrab; Block Code maneRcInbnÞat; (Large Comments Block)

3> RbePTTinñn½yrbs; PHP nig kareRbIR)as;GBaØat

enAkñúg PHP manRbePTTinñn½yeRcInNas; EtenAkñúgenHeyIgelIkykEtRbePTTinñn½y mYycMnYnmkniyay dUcCa³

- Booleans : CaRbePTTinñn½ymYyEdlGacecjlT§pl True rW False.

Example:

$booleans = True; // assign the value TRUE to $booleans

echo $booleans;

- Integers: KWCaelxmYytYkñúgsMnuMelxKt;.

Example:

$i=12;

$a = 12.5;

echo $i; // Return 12

echo $a; // Return 12

- Floating (Double): KWCaelxmYytYkñúgsMnuMelxBit.

Example:

$i = 12;

$a = 12.5;

echo $i; // Return 12

echo $a; // Return 12.5

- String: CaRbePTGkSr EdlRtUv)aneKsresrenAkñúgcenaøHbiTmYy (Enclose it in single quote (‘’) or double quote (“”) ).

$st1 = ‘Welcome to UBB’;

$st2 = ”Welcome to UBB”;

$st3 = ‘Welcome to UBB “Battmabang Center”’;

echo $st1; // Welcome to UBB

echo $st2; // Welcome to UBB

echo $st3; // Welcome to UBB “Battambang Center”

4> Operator

4>1 Concatenation operator

Concatenation Operator KWCakartPa¢b;BItMélmYyeTAkan;tMélmYyepSg²eTot.

eKeRbIsBaØa (.) sMrab;tPa¢b;BItMélmYyeTAmYy.

Example 1:

$a = “Welcome”;

$b = “ to UBB”;

$c = $a.$b; // Welcome to UBB

Example 2:

$a = “Welcome”;

$a .= “ to UBB”;

echo $a; // Welcome to UBB

4>2 Arithmetic Operator

vaCasBaØaeRbIsMrab; eFVIkarKNnaenAkñúg elxnBVnþ.

Arithmetic Operators
Example	Name	Result
-$a	Negation	Opposite of `$a`.
$a + $b	Addition	Sum of `$a` and `$b`.
$a - $b	Subtraction	Difference of `$a` and `$b`.
$a * $b	Multiplication	Product of `$a` and `$b`.
$a / $b	Division	Quotient of `$a` and `$b`.
$a % $b	Modulus	Remainder of `$a` divided by `$b`.

4>3 Assignment Operators

Assignment Operators KWCakarepÞrtMéleTA[GBaØat. enAkñúgkareRbIR)as; Assignment Operator sUmkMuPan;RclMfavaCa kareRbobeFobesµIr (=).

Example:

$a = ($b = 4) + 5;

echo $a; // Return 9

$c = 4;

$c += 5;

echo $c; // Return 9

$d = “Hello”;

$d .= “ UBB”;

echo $d; // Hello UBB

4>4 Comparison Operators

Comparison Operator KWCasBaØaeRbIsMrab;eFVIkareRbobeFob tMélBIr (Compare two values).

Comparison Operators
Example	Name	Result
$a == $b	Equal	`TRUE` if `$a` is equal to `$b`.
$a === $b	Identical	`TRUE` if `$a` is equal to `$b`, and they are of the same type. (introduced in PHP 4)
$a != $b	Not equal	`TRUE` if `$a` is not equal to `$b`.
$a <> $b	Not equal	`TRUE` if `$a` is not equal to `$b`.
$a !== $b	Not identical	`TRUE` if `$a` is not equal to `$b`, or they are not of the same type. (introduced in PHP 4)
$a < $b	Less than	`TRUE` if `$a` is strictly less than `$b`.
$a > $b	Greater than	`TRUE` if `$a` is strictly greater than `$b`.
$a <= $b	Less than or equal to	`TRUE` if `$a` is less than or equal to `$b`.
$a >= $b	Greater than or equal to	`TRUE` if `$a` is greater than or equal to `$b`.

4>5 Logical Operators

Logical Operators
Example	Name	Result
$a and $b	And	`TRUE` if both `$a` and `$b` are `TRUE`.
$a or $b	Or	`TRUE` if either `$a` or `$b` is `TRUE`.
$a xor $b	Xor	`TRUE` if either `$a` or `$b` is `TRUE`, but not both.
! $a	Not	`TRUE` if `$a` is not `TRUE`.
$a && $b	And	`TRUE` if both `$a` and `$b` are `TRUE`.
$a \|\| $b	Or	`TRUE` if either `$a` or `$b` is `TRUE`.

emeronTI 3³ kareRbIR)as; Control Structures

1. etI Conditional Statement eRbIsRmab;eFVIGVI?

Conditional Statement KWCa Series én Statements EdlRtUv)an Execute enAeBl lkçx½NÐBit.

2. kareRbIR)as; if construct

If Construct enAkñúg PHP CaTMrg;mYyEdlmansar³sMxan;enAkñúgTMrg;rbs; PHP. vaGnuBaØat[ Execute Code eTAtamlkçx½NÐEdleyIg)ankMnt;kñúg Code.

Syntax:

if(expression){

//PHP Code

}

Example:

$a = 10;

$b = 7;

if($a > $b){

echo “a is greater than b.”;

}

3. kareRbIR)as; else construct

else construct KWCa construct mYyEdl Execute Statement mYyenAeBlCYb lkçx½NÐBit. EtvaGac Execute Statement mYyepSgeTot enAeBlvaCYblkçx½NÐminBit.

Syntax:

if(expression){

Statement if true

}else{

Statement if false

}

Exampe:

$a = 10;

$b = 7;

if($a > $b){

echo “a is greater than b.”;

}else{

echo “b is greater than a.”;

}

4. kareRbIR)as; else if / elseif construct

else if / elseif KWCakar Combine rvag if nig else. else )anbMEbk if statement fµI enAkñúg original if EdlCYblkçx½NÐ false.

Syntax:

if(expression 1){

Statement if expression 1 met TRUE

}elseif(expression 2){

Statement if expression 2 met TRUE

}………………..{

…………………

}elseif(expression n){

Statement if expression n met TRUE

}else{

Statement if expression met FALSE

}

Example:

$day = “Monday”;

if($day ==”Monday”){

echo “Today is Monday”;

}elseif($day ==”Tuesday”){

echo “Today is Tuesday”;

}elseif($day ==”Wednesday”){

echo “Today is Wednesday”;

}elseif($day ==”Thursday”){

echo “Today is Thursday”;

}elseif($day ==”Friday”){

echo “Today is Friday”;

}else if($day ==”Statursday”){

echo “Today is Satursday”;

}else{

echo “Today is Sunday”;

}

5. kareRbIR)as; switch construct

switch construct KWvamanlkçx½NÐRsedogKñaenAnwg elseif construct pgEdr. vaRtUv)an eKeRbIsMrab;eRbobeFob Variable rW Expression CamYy Value epSg²Kña ehIyva Execute eTAtam karesµIrKñarvag Variable nig Value.

Syntax:

switch(expression){

case value 1:

echo “Value 1”;

break;

case value 2:

echo “Value 2”;

break;

……………………….

case value n:

echo “Value n”;

break;

default:

echo “expression met false”;

break;

}

Example:

$day = "Monday";

switch $day{

case "Monday":

echo "Today is Monday";

break;

case "Tuesday":

echo "Today is Tuesday";

break;

case "Wednesday":

echo "Today is Wednesday";

break;

case "Thursday":

echo "Today is Thursday";

break;

case "Friday":

echo "Today is Friday";

break;

case "Satursday":

echo "Today is Satursday";

break;

default:

echo "Today is Sunday";

break

}

emeronTI 4³ kareRbIR)as; Loop Structures

1> etI Loop structure eRbIsRmab;eFVIGVI?

Loop Structure KWCa Structure mYyenAkñúg PHP EdleFVIkar Execute sMnMu Code mþgehIymþgeTotCalMdab;edIm,ITTYllT§pl kñúglkçx½NÐBit. CaFmµtaGVIEdl Loop dMeNIrkarenaHKW esµIrnwg Statement mYyEdlmantMél True rW False.

2> GtßRbeyaCn¾kñúgkareRbIR)as; Loop Structure

Loop Structure RtUv)aneKeRbIR)as;vaedIm,I kat;bnßykarsresr Code mþgehIymþgeTot enAkñúglkçx½NÐBit Edl)ankMNt;eday Parameter mYy.

3> The while…… statements

while KWCa Structure mYyenAkñúg programming language EdleFVIkar execute nested statement(s) mþgehIymþgeTot kñúgxN³eBlEdl while expression mantMélesµIr True. tMélén Expression RtUv)anRtYtBinitüral;eBlénkarcab;epþImrbs; Loop.

Syntax:

while(expression){

Statements

}

Example:

$i =1;

$sum = 0;

while($i < 10){

$sum = $sum + $i;

$i++;

}

echo $sum;// Return 45

4> The do-while…… statements

do-while KWva structure mYyEdlmanlþkçN³RsedogKñaenAnwg while pgEdr. b:uEnGVIEdlxusRtg;fa do-while FanafanwgdMeNIrkar enAtMéldMbUgén Loop eTaHbICavaxuslkçx½NÐ

k¾eday.

Syntax:

do{

Statements

}while(expression);

Example:

$i =1;

$sum = 0;

do{

$sum = $sum + $i;

$i++;

}while($i<10);

echo $sum; // Return 45

5> The for…… statements

for KWCa structure loop mYyRbePTEdldMeNIrkar enAkñúgEdnkMNt; first expression nig end expression.

Syntax:

for(expression1, expression2, expression3){

Statements

}

Example:

<?php

$sum = 0;

for($i=1; $i < 10; $i++){

$sum = $sum + $i;

}

echo $sum; //Return 45

6> The foreach…… statements

foreach KWCa looping construct mYyEdlRtUv)aneKeRbIR)as;CamYy Array object. foreach man 2 Syntax:

Syntax1:

foreach(array_expression as $value){

Statement

}

Example1:

<?php

$arr = array(1, 2, 3, 4);

foreach ($arr as $value) {

$value = $value * 2;

echo $value."<br>";

}

unset($value); // break the reference with the last element

Syntax2:
<?

foreach(array_expression as $key => $value){

Statement

}

Example2:

<?php

$arr = array(1, 2, 3, 4);

foreach ($arr as $key => $value) {

$value = $value * 2;

echo $key." => ".$value."<br>";

}

unset($value); // break the reference with the last element

emeronTI 5³ kareRbIR)as; Array Objects

3> dUcemþcEdlehAfa Array?

Array KWCa Variable EdlGacpÞúktMél)aneRcIn Data Type dUcKña , Array Name dUcKña EtvaxusKñaeTAtam index rbs; Array.

Syntax:

$arr = array(value1, value2, value3,…,valuen);

4> etI Array manb:unµanRbePT?

enAkñúg PHP eKEck Array Ca 3 RbePT³ Enumerated array, Associative array, Multidimensional array

2>1 Enumerated Array

Enumerated Array KWCa Array EdleRbIR)as; Integer sMrab;cg¥úlbgðaj elx Index rbs; Array.

Example:

$arr = array("Dara","Veasna","Sokha");

echo $arr[0]."<br>";

echo $arr[1]."<br>";

echo $arr[2]."<br>";

2>2 Associated Array

Associated Array KWCa Array mYyEdleRbIR)as; String Ca Index énFaturbs; Array.

Example:

$arr = array("a" => "Dara","b" => "Veasna","c" => "Sokha");

echo $arr["a"]."<br>";

echo $arr["b"]."<br>";

echo $arr["c"]."<br>";

2>3 Multidimensional Arrays

Multidimensional Arrays KWCa Array mYyRbePTEdlFaturbs;vaCa Array.
Example:

$arr = array("a" => array("sub1" => "I go","sub2" => "We go"),"b" =>array("ob1" => " to school", "ob2" => " home"));

echo $arr["a"]["sub1"].$arr["b"]["ob1"]."<br>";

echo $arr["a"]["sub2"].$arr["b"]["ob2"]."<br>";

2>3 Array Function

To working with array in PHP we have some function that working properly with array. These function have:

Function name	Task
count($arrName)	Use to find the length of array
array_slice($arr,NumArr)	Use to reduces the number of elements of array
array_shift($arrname)	Use to remove the first element of array
array_push($arr,$val)	Use to increase the element of array
array_merge($arr1,$arr2)	Use to combine the element of two or more array
foreach( $array)	Use to loop the array
preg_grep()	Use to find the array element
array_diff()	Find the different element of two array
array_reverse()	Use to reverse the array element
sort()	Use to sort array in ascending
rsort()	Use to sort array in descending
asort()	Use to sort array without change index
ksort()	Use to sort the indices of and associative array
krsort()	Similar to ksort() function

Example

arrSize.php

<HTML>

<HEAD>

<TITLE> Array</TITLE>

<BODY>

<?php

$arr=array("001"=>"Sovtia","002"=>" Phirom ","003"=>"Long");

$sizeOfarray=count($arr);

print "Size:".$sizeOfarray;

</BODY>

</HTML>

Example

arrSlice.php

<HTML>

<HEAD>

<TITLE> Array</TITLE>

<BODY>

<?php

$arr=array("Sovitia","Long","Phirom","Sambo","Chanthorn");

$Newarr=array();

//Print element befor slice

for($i=0;$i<count($arr);$i++)

{

print "Lecturer Name:<B>".$arr[$i]."</B><BR>";

}

//Print element after slice slice

print "<hr width=50%><H2>After slice</H2>";

$Newarr=array_slice($arr,2);

for($i=0;$i<count($Newarr);$i++)

{

print "Lecturer Name:<B>".$Newarr[$i]."</B><BR>";

}

</BODY>

</HTML>

emeronTI 6³ kareRbIR)as;GnuKmn’ (Functions)

1> dUcemþcEdlehAfa Functions?

Function KWCakUnkMNat;kmµviFI EdlvanwgeFVIkar Execute enAeBleyIgehAeQµaHrbs;vaeTAkEnøgNamYyén Page.

2> RbePTrbs; Functions

enAkñúg PHP eKEck Functions Ca 2 RbePT³ Built-in functions nig User-defined functions.

2>1 Built-in functions

Built-in functions KWCa Functions EdlmanRsab;rbs; PHP. Ex: str_replace(), strtoupper(), strtolower(), ucfirst(), trim(), substr(), ….

Example1: str_replace($search, $replace, $subject)

$search = "BBA";

$replace = "UBB";

$subject = "I have studied in BBA.";

$result = str_replace($search,$replace, $subject);

echo $result;//Ihave studied in UBB.

Example2: strtoupper($string), strtolower($string), ucfirst($string), trim($string)

$string = "UBB";

$trim = " Hello ";

$strtolower = strtolower($string);//(សំរាប់ប្តូរអក្សរធំទៅអក្សរតូច)

$strtoupper = strtoupper($strtolower); //(សំរាប់ប្តូរអក្សរតូចទៅអក្សរធំ)

$trim = trim($trim);

$ucfirst = ucfirst($strtolower);

echo "strtolower is ".$strtolower.".<br>";

echo "strtoupper is ".$strtoupper.".<br>";

echo "trim is ".$trim.".<br>";

echo "ucfirst is ".$ucfirst.".<br>";

Example3: substr($string,$start,$length)

$string = "UBB";

echo substr($string,4)."<br>"; //Siem Reap Center

echo substr($string,-6)."<br>";//Center

echo substr($string,1,6)."<br>";//BU Sea

echo substr($string,-4,-1)."<br>";//nte

?>
2>2 User-defined functions

User-defined functions KWCa Functions mYyEdlbegáIteLIgeday Gñksresr Code pÞal;. vaGacbMeBjtam tMrUvkarrbs;GñkeRbIR)as;.

Syntax1: Non-Argument

functions functions_name(){

Statements

}

Syntax2: Function Arguments

functions functions_name($arr1, $arr2,…,$arrn){

Statments

}

2>2>1 PHP Functions – Non Return Values

vaCa Functions mYyEdlminTamTa»ü Return tMéleTAkan; User enaHeT.

Example1:

functions student_name(){

$stuent_name = “Dara”;

echo $student_name;

}

student_name();//Dara

Example2:

functions sum($a,$b){

$c = $a + $b;

echo $c;

}

sum(10,5); //15

sum(2,4); //6

2>2>2 PHP Functions – Return Values

vaCa Functions mYyEdlTamTa»ü Return tMéleTAkan; User vij.

Example1:

functions student_name(){

$stuent_name = “Dara”;

return $student_name;

}

echo student_name();//Dara

Example2:

functions sum($a,$b){

$c = $a + $b;

return $c;

}

echo sum(10,5); //15

echo sum(2,4); //6

emeronTI 7³ kareRbIR)as Form in PHP

5> Form nig Form Elements

xageRkamenHCa Code nig interface én Form.

eyIgman index.php

<html>

<head>

<title>About Form</title>

</head>

<body>

<form name="form1" method="get/post" action="#">// (*)

<tr>

<td colspan="2" align="center"><h3>Student Name</h3></td>

</tr>

<tr>

<td width="164">Student Name</td>

</label></td>

</tr>

<tr>

<option value="Female">Female</option>

</select>

</label></td>

</tr>

<tr>

<td>Address</td>

</label></td>

</tr>

<tr>

</label></td>

</tr>

</table>

</form>

</body>

</html>

6> kareRbIR)as; $_GET Functions nig GET Method

$_GET Functions KWCa Functions mYyEdlRbmUltMélecjBI Form mYyehIybBa¢ÚntMélecj method=”get” rW method=”GET”. ral;tMélEdlvabBa¢ÚnecjeyIgGacemIleXIjenA Address bar rbs; Browser. vaGacbBa¢Ún)ancMnYntYGkSreRcInbMput KW 100tY.

Example:

http://127.0.0.1/lesson7/get.php?txt_studentname=&txt_sex=Female&txt_address=&submit=Submit

Note: <form name="form1" method="get" action="get.php">// (*)

get.php

$st_name = $_GET['txt_studentname'];

$sex = $_GET['txt_sex'];

$address = $_GET['txt_address'];

echo "Student Name:".$st_name."<br>";

echo "Sex:".$sex."<br>";

echo "Address:".$address."<br>";

7> kareRbIR)as; $_POST Functions nig POST Method

$_POST Functions KWCa Functions mYyEdlRbmUltMélecjBI Form mYyehIybBa¢ÚntMélecj method=”post” rW method=”POST”. ral;tMélEdlvabBa¢ÚnecjeyIgGacemIlmineXIjenA Address bar rbs; Browser. vaGacbBa¢Ún)anKµankMNt;tYGkSreT.

Note: <form name="form1" method="post" action="post.php">// (*)

get.php

$st_name = $_POST['txt_studentname'];

$sex = $_POST['txt_sex'];

$address = $_POST['txt_address'];

echo "Student Name:".$st_name."<br>";

echo "Sex:".$sex."<br>";

echo "Address:".$address."<br>";

8> kareRbIR)as; $_REQUEST Functions

$_REQUEST Functions KWGaceRbIR)as;CMnYsTaMg $_POST, $_GET nig $_COOKIE. $_REQUEST Functions GaceRbIR)as;sMrab;RbmUltMélCamYyTaMg POST nig GET method.

Note: <form name="form1" method="get/post" action="request.php">// (*)

request.php

$st_name = $_ REQUEST ['txt_studentname'];

$sex = $_ REQUEST ['txt_sex'];

$address = $_ REQUEST ['txt_address'];

echo "Student Name:".$st_name."<br>";

echo "Sex:".$sex."<br>";

echo "Address:".$address."<br>";

6> kareRbIR)as; Form with Array

form_array.php

<html>

<head>

<title>Form with Array</title>

</head>

<body>

<p><strong>What facultys do you prefer to study?

</strong>

</p>

<p>

<label>

<input type="checkbox" name="fac[]" id="fac[]" value="Information Technology">Information Technology<br>

<input type="checkbox" name="fac[]" id="fac[]" value="Business Management">Business Management<br>

<input type="checkbox" name="fac[]" id="fac[]" value="Engineering">Engineering<br>

<input type="checkbox" name="fac[]" id="fac[]" value="English Education">English Education<br>

<input type="checkbox" name="fac[]" id="fac[]" value="Tourism">Tourism<br>

</label>

</p>

</form>

</body>

</html>

form_array_submit.php

<html>

<head>

<title>I prefer to study...</title>

</head>

<body>

$fac =$_POST['fac'] ;

echo "<b>I prefer to study:</b><br>";

echo "<ol>";

foreach($fac as $value){

echo "<li>".$value."</li><br>";

}

echo "<ol>";

</body>

</html>

emeronTI 8³ kareRbIR)as date() functions

1> The PHP date() functions

The PHP date() functions KWCaTMrg; format rbs; timestamp [eTaCaTMrg; date/time EdlGacemIlyl;. timestamp KWCatYGkSrbnþrbnÞab;KñabegáIt)anCa date and/or time sMrab;sMKal;RBwtikarN_mYyc,as;las;.

Syntax

date(format,timestamp)

Parameter	Description
Format	Required. Specifies the format of the timestamp
timestamp	Optional. Specifies a timestamp. Default is the current date and time

2> PHP Date() – Format the Date

xageRkamenHCa tYGkSrmYycMnYnEdlGaceRbIR)as;kñúgkar format date/time:

`format` character	Description	Example returned values
Day	---	---
d	Day of the month, 2 digits with leading zeros	01 to 31
D	A textual representation of a day, three letters	Mon through Sun
j	Day of the month without leading zeros	1 to 31
l (lowercase 'L')	A full textual representation of the day of the week	Sunday through Saturday
N	ISO-8601 numeric representation of the day of the week (added in PHP 5.1.0)	1 (for Monday) through 7 (for Sunday)
S	English ordinal suffix for the day of the month, 2 characters	st, nd, rd or th. Works well with j
w	Numeric representation of the day of the week	0 (for Sunday) through 6 (for Saturday)
z	The day of the year (starting from 0)	0 through 365
Week	---	---
W	ISO-8601 week number of year, weeks starting on Monday (added in PHP 4.1.0)	Example: 42 (the 42nd week in the year)
Month	---	---
F	A full textual representation of a month, such as January or March	January through December
m	Numeric representation of a month, with leading zeros	01 through 12
M	A short textual representation of a month, three letters	Jan through Dec
n	Numeric representation of a month, without leading zeros	1 through 12
t	Number of days in the given month	28 through 31
Year	---	---
L	Whether it's a leap year	1 if it is a leap year, 0 otherwise.
o	ISO-8601 year number. This has the same value as Y, except that if the ISO week number (W) belongs to the previous or next year, that year is used instead. (added in PHP 5.1.0)	Examples: 1999 or 2003
Y	A full numeric representation of a year, 4 digits	Examples: 1999 or 2003
y	A two digit representation of a year	Examples: 99 or 03

Example:

<?php
echo date("d/m/Y") . "<br />";
echo date("d-m-Y") . "<br />";
echo date("d.m.Y")
?>

lT§plén Code xagelIKW³

24/12/2009

24-12-2009

24.12.2009

3> PHP Date() – Adding a Timestamp

timestamp parameter KWCa optional parameter enAkñúg date() functions EdlkMnt;tMél timestamp. RbsinebImin)ankMnt;tMél[ timestamp eTenaH timestamp KWCa current date. mktime() functions KWCa functions mYynwge)aHtMél Unix timestamp sMrab; date.

Syntax for mktime()

mktime(hour,minute,second,month,day,year,is_dst)

Example:

<?php
$tomorrow  = mktime(0, 0, 0, date("m")  , date("d")+1, date("Y"));
$lastmonth = mktime(0, 0, 0, date("m")-1, date("d"),   date("Y"));
$nextyear  = mktime(0, 0, 0, date("m"),   date("d"),   date("Y")+1);
?>

4> list of characters format date function

Character EdlGaceRbIR)as;enAkñúg date() functions mandUcCa “.”, “/”, “-“.

emeronTI 9³ kareRbIR)as; PHP Include() and Require() Functions

enAkñúg PHP eyIgGaceFVIkar insert content én file php mYyeTAkñúg file php mYyeTotmuneBlEdl server side eFVIkar execute va edayeRbI include() rW require() function. functions TaMg 2 manlkçN³dUcKµaeRcInya:g EtvaxusKñaRtg;fa³

- include() functions: Gac generate error. ehIy script enAEttMeNIrkarenAeBlCYb error.

- require() functions: minGac generate error. script enAminGactMeNIrkarenAeBlCYb error.

functions TaMg 2 RtUv)aneKeRbIsMrab;begáIt functionsmYycMnYn header, footer nig ral; elements epSg² EdlGaceRbIR)as;mþgehIymþgeToteTARKb; pages TaMgGs;. enAeBlEdleyIgcg;eFVIkar update enAelIcMnucmYycMnYn dUcCa header, footer nig elements epSg² enaHmincaM)ac; update RKb; pages enaHeT. eyIgGaceFVIkar update EtenA elI File include nImYy². eyIgGac save file kñúg extension Ca .html, .php, .inc, ….

1> The PHP include() functions

The include() functions eFVIkarRbmUlral; content enAkñúg include file bBa¢ÚleTAkñúg file Edl)an include. RbsinCaman error ekIteLIg include() functions eFVIkar generate warning rIÉ script enAEttMeNIrkar.

Example:

include.php

<p>

<a href="#">About Us</a>

<a href="#">Contact Us</a>

<a href="#">Testimonials</a>

</p>

run.php

<html>

<head>

<title>Include</title>

</head>

<body>

<? include('include.php');?>

Now we use include function.

</body>

</html>

(lT§plenAeBlKµan error ekIteLIg)

(lT§plenAeBlman error ekIteLIg)

2> The PHP require() functions

The require() functions eFVIkarRbmUlral; content enAkñúg require file bBa¢ÚleTAkñúg file Edl)an require. RbsinCaman error ekIteLIg require() functions mineFVIkar generate warning rIÉ script enAQb;tMeNIrkar.

Example:

require.php

<p>

<a href="#">About Us</a>

<a href="#">Contact Us</a>

<a href="#">Testimonials</a>

</p>

run.php

<html>

<head>

<title>Include</title>

</head>

<body>

<? include('require.php');?>

Now we use include function.

</body>

</html>

(lT§plenAeBlKµan error ekIteLIg)

(lT§plenAeBlman error ekIteLIg)

emeronTI 10³ kareRbIR)as; PHP Cookies and Sessions

1> The PHP Cookies

1>1 etIGVIeTACa Cookies?

Cookie() RtUv)aneKeRbIR)as;vasMrab;kMnt;sMKal; user. Cookie() Ca file tUcmYyenAelI server embedded enAelI computer rbs;Gñk. enAkñúgeBlEtmYyRbsinebI clients eRcIneFVIkar request eTAkan; cookie() enaH clients TaMgGs; suT§EtGac create nig retrieve tMé;lrbs; cookie().

1>1How to Create a Cookie?

setcookie() KWCa function mYyEdlEdleRbIsMrab;begáIt cookie. eyIgKYrkt;sMKal;fa eyIgKYrEtbegáIt cookie() enAelI html tag.

Syntax: setcookie(name, value, expire);

Example:

xageRkamenH KWCa]Tarh_kñúgkarbegáIt cookie() eQµaHfa User edaykMnt;tMél[va admin. cookie() mYyenHnwg expired kñúgryHeBl 1 ema:g.

<?php
setcookie(“user”, “admin”, time()+3600);
?>

<html>

</html>

1>2 How to Retrieve a Cookie Value?

$_COOKIE KWCa variable mYyEdleRbIsMrab;TTYltMélrbs; cookie. isset() Ca function mYyEdleRbIsMrab;EsVg rkfaetI cookie )anbegáItEdrrWeT.

Example:

<?php

if(isset($_COOKIE[’user’])){

echo $_COOKIE[’user’];

}else{

echo “Hello guest!”;

}

1>4 How to Delete a Cookie?

enAeBleyIgkMBugEt delete cookie eyIgRtUvR)akdfa expiration date KWenAkñúgGtItkal.

Example:

<?php
// set the expiration date to one hour ago
setcookie(“user”, “”, time()-3600);
?>

1> The PHP sessions

PHP sessions KWCa variable mYyRtUv)aneKeRbIsMrab; store rW change setting rbs; session user. vapÞúkBt’manrbs; user EtmYyEdlGaceRbIR)as;)aneTAkan;RKb; pages TaMgGs;enAkñúg application EtmYy.

2>1 Starting a PHP Sessions

muneBleyIg store Tinñn½yeTA[ sessions eyIgKYrEt start vaCamunsin. kar start sessions eyIgKYrEt start vaenAelI html tag.

Example:

<?php session_start(); ?>

<html>
<body>

</body>
</html>

2>2 Store and Retrieve a session

enAkñúgkar Store nig Retrieve session variable edayeRbIR)as; PHP $_SESSION variable.

Example:

<?php
session_start();

if(isset($_SESSION[’views’]))
$_SESSION[’views’]=$_SESSION[’views’]+1;
else
$_SESSION[’views’]=1;
echo “Views=”. $_SESSION[’views’];
?>

2>3 Destroying a Session

RbsinCaGñkmaneKalbMNglubTinñn½y ecjBI session eyIgeRbIR)as;nUv Functions unset() rW session_destroy() functions.

kareRbIR)as; unset() function KWlub session variable c,as;las;.

Example:

<?php
unset($_SESSION['views']);
?>

kareRbIR)as; session_destroy() function KWlubral; session variable TaMgGs;EdlmanenAkñúg kmµviFI.

Example:

<?php
session_destroy();
?>

PHP

2>3 Array Function

Function name

Task

Syntax

Syntax for mktime()

1>4 How to Delete a Cookie?

2>1 Starting a PHP Sessions

2>3 Destroying a Session

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